碳基采暖电热材料研究进展

近几年,由于节能与环保的需求,电取暖的方式得到大力的推广,电热材料的研究与应用受到人们广泛的重视。非金属碳基电热材料是新型的节能型电热采暖材料,本文重点对影响非金属碳基电热材料中的炭黑基电热材料、碳纤维基电热材料、碳晶电热材料电热性能的因素及相关应用进行了综述。     

Fabrication of 3D Ni nanosheet array on Crofer22APU interconnect and NiO-YSZ anode support to sinter with small-size Ag nanoparticles for low-temperature sealing SOFCs

A novel low-temperature sealing method was developed to seal solid oxide fuel cells. The 3D Ni nanosheet array was pre-fabricated on faying surfaces of Crofer22APU interconnect and NiO-YSZ anode-support. Then it was covered with Au film without changing its morphology. This special nanostructure improved sintering efficiency between Ag nanoparticles and substrates. A dense joint was obtained at the low-temperature between 250 °C–300 °C. This method effectively avoided the oxidation of interconnect during sealing. When joints were sealed at 300 °C, the shear strength reached 16 MPa. The fracture was mainly located in the central Ag layer, presenting a significant plastic deformation. Due to the effective protection of Ni layer, joints also possessed excellent oxidation resistance in oxidizing atmosphere at 800 °C for 400 h. After high-temperature oxidation, the shear strength was increased to 23 MPa, revealing an increasement of 43.8% compared with the as-sealed condition (16 MPa). This sealing method has great potential in sealing solid oxide fuel cells. It also can be extended to seal other energy-conversion devices.     

计及RSC控制的DFIG短路电流直流分量解析表达

现有文献针对计及转子变流器(RSC)控制的双馈感应风电机组(DFIG)定子短路电流解析表达,将定子磁链当作一阶直流衰减分量或忽略功率外环控制。基于DFIG电压、磁链和RSC控制方程,得到定子电流关于定子电压和定子功率的传递函数,提出定子电流的精确解析表达式。基于RSC内、外环PI参数关系,推导直流分量衰减时间常数和角频率关于PI参数的表达式。分析了RSC内外环PI参数对定子电流直流衰减分量的影响。仿真结果验证了解析表达式的准确性,为PI参数选取和保护装置测量、整定提供依据。     

GCr15轴承钢成品套圈热处理后点线状缺陷原因分析

在热处理后的GCr15成品轴承套圈表面发现疑似裂纹的点线状缺陷。通过无损检测、光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析等手段对缺陷进行分析,发现缺陷处存在较大尺寸的氧化铝和硅酸盐复合夹杂物。通过采取“高拉碳”、“白渣操作”、“软吹”“保护浇铸”等措施后,钢水纯净度得到进一步提高,避免了点线状缺陷的再次发生。     

12CrNi3钢外锁止套局部表面激光淬火工艺

利用半导体激光宽带对12CrNi3外锁止套局部进行表面淬火处理,并对处理后的零件进行外观检验、显微组织观察、硬度检测分析和摩擦磨损试验。试验结果表明:采取定光斑方式,激光头到工件表面扫描区域中心点距离375 mm(离焦量为0),工件倾斜22°,激光头倾斜18°,温度1350 ℃,扫描速度9 mm/s,单道扫描后表面平整性最好。表面激光淬火硬化层为750～1000 μm,最浅处为443.1 μm,硬化区组织为极细小马氏体组织,硬度达600～700 HV0.2,是基体硬度的2倍左右, 约为渗碳+淬火态硬度的1.3倍,且相变硬化区耐磨性能明显提高。     

豫西雷门沟钼矿水文地质条件分析及涌水量预测

豫西熊耳山雷门沟钼矿床位于东秦岭多金属成矿带东段,是已探明的超大型斑岩型钼矿,前人研究程度高、地质成果丰硕,但对矿床开采技术条件方面研究较少。本次通过地质调查工程、水文地质试验等方法,从水文地质角度,对雷门沟钼矿床水文地质条件进行研究,填补了该方面的空白,丰富了研究成果；采用水文地质比拟法预测未来矿坑最大排水量2613 m³/d,经实践检验结果较为可靠；总结的采坑排水量预测方法、含水层特点、矿床充水因素以及防治水措施,以期对该区域水文地质工作具有参考价值。     

Application of ultrasound treatment for modulating the structural,functional and rheological properties of black bean protein isolates

The modulating effect of ultrasound treatments at varying powers and times on the structural and functional properties of black bean protein isolate (BBPI) was investigated. Compared with native BBPI, low-power (150 W) and medium-power (300 W) ultrasound treatments increased the solubility, foaming and emulsifying properties of BBPI, especially at 300 W, 24 min. This effect arises predominantly due to increased exposure of hydrophobic groups, which serve to increase the interactions between the protein and water molecules. Additionally, an increase in the protein surface activity improved the absorption of protein molecules at the oil–water and air–water interfaces. Rheology data showed that increased hydrophobic and hydrogen-bonding interactions improved the water-holding capacity of BBPI gels following ultrasound treatment. However, high-power (450 W) ultrasound treatment weakened the functional properties of BBPI, and this was likely due to the formation of macromolecular BBPI aggregates. Overall, this study indicates that ultrasound treatment could be a promising approach for modulating other plant protein resources as well as expanding the application of black bean protein.     

我国天然气探明未开发储量评价及发展对策建议

我国天然气探明未开发储量在全国已探明气田储量中占比超1/3，加快未开发储量的动用可促进天然气进一步上产稳产。基于我国天然气探明未开发储量的分布、特点及未动用的原因分析，建立了探明未开发储量分类评价方法、标准及流程，并进行了分类评价。我国天然气探明未开发储量以低渗透—特低渗透和碳酸盐岩非均质气藏储量为主，集中分布在四川、鄂尔多斯、塔里木盆地。未开发储量中，近期可动用储量占27.4%，难动用储量占58.4%，待核销储量占14.2%。我国难动用储量规模较大，在目前体制机制、技术经济及政策条件下无法动用，为此，从油气企业体制机制改革、管理与技术创新、国家政策等方面提出了加快我国难动用储量开发的具体举措与政策建议。